migration extended essay

Essay on Migration

Students are often asked to write an essay on Migration in their schools and colleges. And if you’re also looking for the same, we have created 100-word, 250-word, and 500-word essays on the topic.

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100 Words Essay on Migration

Understanding migration.

Migration refers to the movement of people from one place to another. It can be within a country (internal migration) or between different countries (international migration).

Reasons for Migration

People migrate for various reasons. Some move for better job opportunities, while others might move due to conflicts or natural disasters in their home region.

Effects of Migration

Migration can have both positive and negative effects. It can lead to cultural diversity and economic growth, but it can also cause overcrowding and strain on resources.

Migration is a complex issue with many facets. It’s important to understand why people migrate and its impact on societies.

Also check:

• Advantages and Disadvantages of Migration

250 Words Essay on Migration

Introduction.

Migration, an inherent human phenomenon, has shaped societies and cultures since the dawn of civilization. It is a complex process influenced by an intricate interplay of economic, political, social, and environmental factors.

Types of Migration

Migration can be categorized broadly into internal and international. Internal migration involves movement within a country, often from rural to urban areas, driven by the pursuit of better economic opportunities. International migration, on the other hand, involves crossing national borders, often influenced by factors like conflict, persecution, or economic disparity.

The Push-Pull Theory

The push-pull theory provides a framework to understand migration. ‘Push’ factors include poverty, political instability, or environmental disasters that compel people to leave their homes. Conversely, ‘pull’ factors attract individuals to new regions, such as better job opportunities, political stability, or higher living standards.

Impacts of Migration

Migration has profound implications on both the source and destination regions. While it can lead to brain drain and demographic imbalances in the source region, it can also alleviate poverty and foster development. In destination regions, it can stimulate economic growth but may also strain resources and potentially cause social tension.

Migration, an integral part of our globalized world, presents both challenges and opportunities. It is crucial to foster policies that maximize its benefits while mitigating its potential drawbacks. Understanding the dynamics of migration can pave the way for more inclusive, equitable, and sustainable societies.

500 Words Essay on Migration

Migration is a complex and multifaceted phenomenon, deeply ingrained in human history. It has been a significant driver of cultural, economic, and social evolution. It is the movement of people from one geographical location to another, either permanently or temporarily. The reasons for migration can vary from political to economic, environmental, or social.

The Driving Forces of Migration

The primary drivers of migration are often classified as push and pull factors. Push factors refer to the conditions that drive individuals to leave their homes, such as poverty, lack of opportunities, political instability, or environmental disasters. Pull factors, on the other hand, are the attractive aspects of the destination, like better economic opportunities, political stability, or higher living standards.

Migration can be categorized into different types based on various parameters. Internal migration refers to the movement within a country, while international migration involves crossing national borders. Migration can also be voluntary, where individuals choose to move, or forced, where individuals are compelled to leave due to circumstances beyond their control.

Migration has profound impacts on both the source and destination regions. For the source region, it can lead to a brain drain if skilled individuals migrate, potentially hindering the development. However, it can also alleviate pressure on resources and lead to remittances that boost the local economy.

For the destination region, migration can lead to an increase in diversity and cultural richness. It can also fill labor gaps, contributing to economic growth. However, if not managed well, it can lead to social tensions.

Migration in the Age of Globalization

In the era of globalization, migration has become more accessible and prevalent. The interconnectedness of economies has led to increased labor mobility. However, it has also exposed the stark inequalities between regions, further motivating migration. The rise of transnational communities, where migrants maintain strong ties with their home countries while integrating into the host society, is another notable trend.

Challenges and Opportunities

Migration presents both challenges and opportunities. The challenges include managing integration, ensuring migrants’ rights, and addressing social tensions. The opportunities lie in harnessing the potential of migrants for economic development, cultural exchange, and fostering global understanding.

In conclusion, migration is an inherent part of human society, driven by a complex interplay of factors. It has far-reaching impacts on individuals, communities, and nations. As the world becomes increasingly interconnected, the dynamics of migration will continue to evolve, presenting both challenges and opportunities. Understanding and managing migration effectively is crucial to building inclusive, diverse, and prosperous societies.

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Essay Curve

Essay on Migration – Examples, 10 Lines to 1200 Words

Essay on Migration: Migration is a complex and often controversial topic that has been a part of human history for centuries. In this essay, we will explore the various reasons why people choose to migrate, the challenges they face during the process, and the impact migration has on both the individuals and the societies involved. By examining the different perspectives on migration, we can gain a better understanding of this global phenomenon and the implications it has on our world today.

Table of Contents

Migration Essay Writing Tips

1. Start by researching and gathering information on the topic of migration. This can include statistics, historical background, current trends, and personal stories of migrants.

2. Create an outline for your essay, including an introduction, body paragraphs, and a conclusion. This will help you organize your thoughts and ensure that your essay flows logically.

3. In the introduction, provide some background information on migration and why it is an important topic to discuss. You can also include a thesis statement that outlines the main points you will be discussing in the essay.

4. In the body paragraphs, explore different aspects of migration, such as the reasons why people migrate, the impact of migration on both sending and receiving countries, and the challenges faced by migrants during the migration process.

5. Use evidence and examples to support your arguments. This can include data from reputable sources, quotes from experts in the field, and personal anecdotes from migrants themselves.

6. Consider the different perspectives on migration, including the viewpoints of policymakers, academics, and the general public. Discuss how these perspectives shape the way migration is perceived and addressed in society.

7. Address any potential counterarguments to your thesis and explain why your position is the most valid. This will show that you have considered multiple viewpoints and have a well-rounded understanding of the topic.

8. In the conclusion, summarize the main points of your essay and reiterate your thesis statement. You can also suggest possible solutions to the challenges posed by migration or discuss the implications of your findings for future research or policy.

9. Proofread your essay carefully to check for any grammatical errors, typos, or inconsistencies in your argument. Make sure that your writing is clear, concise, and well-organized.

10. Consider seeking feedback from peers, teachers, or writing tutors to improve your essay further. Their input can help you refine your arguments and strengthen your writing.

Essay on Migration in 10 Lines – Examples

1. Migration is the movement of people from one place to another, often in search of better opportunities or living conditions. 2. It can be voluntary, such as for work or education, or forced, due to conflict, persecution, or environmental factors. 3. Migration can occur within a country (internal migration) or between countries (international migration). 4. Factors driving migration include economic opportunities, political instability, environmental disasters, and social factors. 5. Migration can have both positive and negative impacts on the migrants and the communities they leave and arrive in. 6. Positive impacts can include economic growth, cultural exchange, and increased diversity. 7. Negative impacts can include strain on resources, social tensions, and exploitation of migrants. 8. Governments and international organizations play a key role in managing migration through policies and agreements. 9. The issue of migration is complex and often controversial, with debates over border control, refugee rights, and integration of migrants. 10. Understanding the causes and consequences of migration is crucial for developing effective and humane responses to this global phenomenon.

Sample Essay on Migration in 100-180 Words

Migration is the movement of people from one place to another in search of better opportunities, safety, or a higher quality of life. It can be voluntary or forced, and can be temporary or permanent. Migration has been a common phenomenon throughout history, driven by factors such as economic disparities, political instability, conflict, and environmental changes.

Migration can have both positive and negative impacts on individuals and societies. On one hand, it can lead to cultural exchange, economic growth, and innovation. On the other hand, it can also create social tensions, strain resources, and disrupt communities.

In recent years, migration has become a highly politicized issue, with debates around border control, refugee rights, and immigration policies. It is important for governments to address the root causes of migration, provide support for migrants, and promote policies that ensure the safety and well-being of all individuals on the move.

Short Essay on Migration in 200-500 Words

Migration is a phenomenon that has been occurring throughout human history. People have been moving from one place to another for various reasons such as economic opportunities, political instability, environmental factors, and social reasons. Migration can be internal, within a country, or international, across borders.

One of the main reasons for migration is economic opportunities. People often move to other places in search of better job prospects, higher wages, and improved living standards. This is especially common in developing countries where there may be limited job opportunities and low wages. Many people from these countries choose to migrate to more developed countries in search of a better life for themselves and their families.

Political instability is another major factor that drives migration. People often flee their countries due to war, conflict, persecution, or human rights violations. This type of migration is known as forced migration or displacement. Refugees and asylum seekers are examples of people who are forced to leave their homes and seek safety in other countries. The Syrian refugee crisis is a recent example of forced migration due to political instability.

Environmental factors such as natural disasters, climate change, and environmental degradation also contribute to migration. People may be forced to leave their homes due to flooding, drought, hurricanes, or other environmental disasters. Climate change is expected to increase the number of environmental migrants in the coming years as extreme weather events become more frequent and severe.

Social reasons such as family reunification, education, and marriage also play a role in migration. People may choose to migrate to be closer to family members, pursue higher education opportunities, or join a spouse in another country. These types of migrations are often driven by personal and social factors rather than economic or political reasons.

Migration can have both positive and negative impacts on individuals and societies. On one hand, migration can lead to cultural exchange, economic growth, and diversity. Migrants often bring new skills, ideas, and perspectives to their host countries. They may also send remittances back to their home countries, which can help alleviate poverty and stimulate economic development.

On the other hand, migration can also lead to social tensions, discrimination, and xenophobia. Host countries may struggle to integrate migrants into their societies, leading to social and political challenges. Migrants themselves may face discrimination, exploitation, and marginalization in their new environments.

In conclusion, migration is a complex and multifaceted phenomenon that is driven by a variety of factors. It is a fundamental aspect of human history and will continue to shape societies and economies in the future. It is important for policymakers to address the root causes of migration and develop comprehensive and humane approaches to managing migration flows.

Essay on Migration in 1000-1500 Words

Migration has been a fundamental aspect of human history, shaping societies, cultures, and economies across the globe. From the earliest movements of hunter-gatherer societies to the modern-day mass migrations driven by economic, political, and environmental factors, people have always sought better opportunities and a better life for themselves and their families through migration.

Migration can be defined as the movement of people from one place to another, either within a country or across international borders. It can be voluntary or forced, temporary or permanent, and can be driven by a variety of factors such as economic opportunities, political instability, environmental disasters, or social reasons.

One of the key drivers of migration throughout history has been economic factors. People have always been willing to move to places where they can find better job opportunities, higher wages, and a higher standard of living. This has been particularly true in times of economic hardship, when people are forced to leave their homes in search of a better life elsewhere.

For example, during the Industrial Revolution in the 19th century, millions of people migrated from rural areas to urban centers in search of work in factories and mills. Similarly, in the 20th century, millions of people migrated from developing countries to developed countries in search of better job opportunities and a higher standard of living.

Political factors have also played a significant role in driving migration throughout history. Wars, conflicts, and political persecution have forced millions of people to flee their homes and seek refuge in other countries. The rise of totalitarian regimes, such as Nazi Germany or the Soviet Union, led to mass migrations of people seeking political asylum in other countries.

For example, during the Syrian civil war, millions of people were forced to flee their homes and seek refuge in neighboring countries and in Europe. Similarly, during the Cold War, millions of people fled from Eastern Europe to Western Europe in search of political asylum and a better life.

Environmental factors, such as natural disasters, climate change, and environmental degradation, have also played a role in driving migration. People living in areas prone to natural disasters, such as hurricanes, earthquakes, or floods, are often forced to leave their homes and seek refuge elsewhere. Similarly, the effects of climate change, such as rising sea levels, droughts, and desertification, are forcing millions of people to migrate in search of a more sustainable livelihood.

For example, in recent years, the effects of climate change have forced millions of people in sub-Saharan Africa to migrate to other regions in search of food, water, and shelter. Similarly, the devastation caused by hurricanes in the Caribbean and the United States has forced thousands of people to flee their homes and seek refuge elsewhere.

In addition to economic, political, and environmental factors, social reasons have also played a role in driving migration throughout history. People often migrate in search of better education, healthcare, or social opportunities for themselves and their families. They may also migrate to be closer to family members or to escape social discrimination or persecution.

For example, millions of people migrate to cities in search of better educational and healthcare facilities for themselves and their families. Similarly, people may migrate to other countries to be closer to family members or to escape social discrimination based on their race, religion, or sexual orientation.

Migration has had both positive and negative impacts on societies, cultures, and economies throughout history. On the positive side, migration has led to the exchange of ideas, cultures, and technologies between different regions and has contributed to the growth and development of societies. It has also helped to alleviate labor shortages, boost economic growth, and promote innovation and entrepreneurship.

For example, the migration of skilled workers, such as doctors, engineers, and scientists, from developing countries to developed countries has helped to fill labor shortages in key sectors and has contributed to the growth and development of those countries. Similarly, the migration of entrepreneurs and business owners has led to the creation of new businesses, jobs, and economic opportunities in host countries.

On the negative side, migration has also led to social tensions, cultural clashes, and economic disparities in many societies. Host countries often struggle to integrate migrants into their societies and provide them with access to education, healthcare, and social services. Migrants, on the other hand, often face discrimination, exploitation, and marginalization in their host countries.

For example, in recent years, the influx of migrants from the Middle East and Africa into Europe has led to social tensions, cultural clashes, and economic disparities in many European countries. Similarly, the migration of low-skilled workers from developing countries to developed countries has led to exploitation, discrimination, and marginalization of those workers in host countries.

In conclusion, migration has been a fundamental aspect of human history, shaping societies, cultures, and economies across the globe. People have always sought better opportunities and a better life for themselves and their families through migration, driven by economic, political, environmental, and social factors. While migration has had both positive and negative impacts on societies, cultures, and economies throughout history, it remains a key driver of human progress and development in the modern world.

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Home — Essay Samples — Social Issues — Human Migration — Why People Migrate: The Reasons And Effects Of Migration

Why People Migrate: The Reasons and Effects of Migration

• Categories: Human Migration

About this sample

Words: 967 |

Published: Jul 15, 2020

Words: 967 | Pages: 2 | 5 min read

• Homo sapiens migration out of East Africa across the world
• Migrations in the period of early sedentary agriculture, 15,000 – 5,000 BCE
• Differentatiation of migrations during urbanization in Mesopotamia, Egypt, the Indic and East Asian societies, and the Mediterranean Phoenician-Hellenistic-Roman World
• Migrations from 500 BCE to 1500CE
• Migration, intercultural contact, and trade circuits in the world’s macro-regions, 1400-1600
• Migration dialectics in colonizer and colonized societies, 1600 – 1800,7. nineteenth-century global migration systems
• twentieth and twentiefirst century migrations.

Economic Migration

Works cited.

• Eurostat. (2018). Migration and migrant population statistics. European Union.
• Harzig, C., & Hoerder, D. (2009). The historical practice of diversity: Transcultural interactions from the early modern Mediterranean to the postcolonial world. Berghahn Books.
• Massey, D. S. (1990). Social structure, household strategies, and the cumulative causation of migration. Population index, 56(1), 3-26.
• Rubenstein, J. M. (2014). The cultural landscape: An introduction to human geography (12th ed.). Pearson.
• Ravenstein, E. G. (1885). The laws of migration. Journal of the Statistical Society of London, 48(2), 167-235.
• Traynor, I. (2010). The problem is not immigration; it is integration, Swedish expert warns. The Guardian.
• United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD). (2011). World investment report 2011: Non-equity modes of international production and development. United Nations.

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Essay on Migration | Causes and Effects of Migration

December 3, 2017 by Study Mentor Leave a Comment

Animals and man have been ever travelling. From grassy plains to fertile land, in search of better food, better opportunities. ‘Migration’ means the movement of population from one place to another for better opportunities.

Table of Contents

What is Migration?

Everyone wishes to lead a happy and secure life. A place where they can offer security to their family and a better future both for themselves and family. Migration many be of two types- permanent and temporary. Some migration may also occur annually, seasonally, or diurnally. According to certain census it has been found that migration mostly happens in three stages- (a) rural to rural , (b) rural to urban , (c) urban to urban , and (d) urban to rural

Maximum migration is from rural to urban, especially in developing countries like India. Even urban to urban migration happens quite a lot. But migration of the type (a), (d) is very rare. Migration of type (a) happens only when a person goes from another village to sell his items during bazaar or Melas. Some migration also happens from rural to small then from small town to urban. Such type of migration is called step wise migration.

In India there is a crazy race of the population travelling from the rural areas to the metropolitan cities like Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai, Delhi, Bangalore etc, seeking for better employment and better work opportunities. And this craze is increasing more and more in the coming years.

That is why competition in the job sector is increasing in the urban sphere. Metropolitan cities act a crowd puller. People are attracted to the vibrant colours of life in the cities. They fall in the wrong notion that they can pull up something big or great in the cities and earn a living but not everyone gets equal opportunities. Some end up rag-pickers, some end up as street dwellers, and some end up beggars who don’t get any means of livelihood.

Another term that comes along with migration is commutation. Commutation is the means of travelling on a daily schedule of the people to cities from the neighbouring towns and villages for the purpose of job and other works. This is a type of temporary migration.

Some people commute seasonally- incase or family gathering or wedding ceremonies. While some immigrants migrate annually. Migration is not just a re-location of human resources and settlements but it is a process which has three-fold impact:

(a) On the area experiencing immigration,

(b) On the area experiencing out-migration, and

(c) On the migrants themselves, the purpose of migration may be employment, business, education, family movement, marriage, calamity, etc.

These migrants have very little skill and professional expertise, moreover they lack literacy. They mostly get involved in the low grade activities and fields of manual labour, where there is not much sophistication or use of literary capabilities.

Very few are in administrative, professional or technical sphere. The condition of women migrants is worse. Majority of them are illiterate or have very little literacy. Such people take up even lower grade of jobs like the domestic maid servants, hawkers or vendors. This change has been termed by many as ‘evolutionary urbanization’.

This sudden migration burst has led in detoriation in the look of the city and spreading of cities. Rapid human pressure has led to the unprecedented growth of shabby towns, slums and bastees and squatter settlements. Cities are spreading far beyond its boundary limits.

There are also other evils like the overflow of urban unemployment, rapid exploitation of the items of daily necessity like- food, clothing and shelter and their unavailability and there is a very sharp decline of human values and moral and it is increasing over the years( as observed its increase from 1981-1999 and will steadily increase over the 21st century).

Hence the metropolitan cities are becoming like blown-up urban villages which fail to offer basic necessities of life to the people residing in it. Due to unchecked or unprecedented human growth the cities lack in urban functions, characteristics, urban infrastructure and services, and without a strong economic base.

They are slowly stepping towards what is called as ‘degeneration’ or ‘decay’.

The urban areas not only attract the poor and the illiterate class but it has become a place for the educated and elite class to earn a living and lead a comfortable and relaxed life. There have been many cases where students from villages have come in cities to get higher education, managed with a good job and become a part of the city itself.

Even some big landlords and rich farmers have shown their interest in investing a good part of their agricultural profits in the different businesses that goes on in the city and also commercial activities. Hence the cities of developing countries like India are developing on the plunder or the remains of the rural parts (both natural and human). Unless this exploitation of blood-sucking trend is terminated for once and for all, the development or the revival of the ‘desi’ villages is a farfetched dream.

Not just there are rural immigrants to deal with. There are international migrants as well. Majority of the international migrants to India come from Asian countries, which are in turn followed by Europeans, Africans, etc. The neighbouring countries like Nepal, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Sri Lanka and Russia etc. have contributed large number of migrants to India.

Since there is no restriction along Indo-Nepal international boundary large numbers of Nepali people come to India for seeking employment, education, business etc. Assam, West Bengal and north eastern states attract large number of legal and illegal migrants from Bangladesh.

This has created a number of social, economic and political problems in these areas. Nepalese are seen in Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Punjab, Himachal Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Maharashtra and Delhi. Similarly migrants from Sri Lanka are most frequented in South India especially in Tamil Nadu

Migration not only creates confusion and commotion, but also an ill-growth of cities. That does not mean that we will shun away the immigrants.

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Introduction to Human Migration Essay

Introduction, what is migration, the pessimist, brain drain phenomenon, development of migration theory, reference list.

Migration is a concept that has been well been used in the past and present times. This is because it is a concept which has been used to illustrate the movement of people from one region of a nation to another (Braziel & Anita 2003 ). In essence, people move from one region to another for various reasons and purposes. It is on this basis that migration is based on. These reasons vary from one point to another.

In certain cases, migration may be forced; other cases may have been induced by adverse conditions at home, attraction or curiosity towards an external situation, or some accidents of events which evoked the direct or indirect exercise of choice. It is also worth noting that other ethnics may not have moved or migrated recently, but their homes may be subject to migration from invasions from foreign settlers which may constitute another form of migration (Hammar 1997).

Presumably, scholars have been seeking to establish the right fundamental from which to view or evaluate the term migration in the societal setting. In essence, the shift which exists in locus of residence or crucial activities is an insufficient factor which exists in the correct definition of migration or migrants (Helmke 2011). Also to be considers are the factors of

• purpose of travel,
• frequency and duration of stay,
• the distance and qualitative socio cultural differences between original and present places of residence (Wayne 2006).

Within the definition of the term immigrant, there are emerging issues which may be considered or even termed to be an important aspect of which bring to the fore the correct distinctions or sub categories as well. Issues pertinent to this differentiation are the types of migration among migrants or types of migration themselves include several aspects (Wayne 2006). These aspects include sex and the age distribution, the generation, country of origin, language and culture, phenol – typical visibility, predisposition of the host society to the immigrants in general and particular, economic and political conditions of the host society which exist at the time of the arrival. The debate

There has been a debate which has been taking place on the subject of the link between migration and development. This has been orchestrated by research studies which have taken place in the past. It is worth mentioning that this debate has led to the conclusion that there are people who hold differing views regarding the subject of the links which exist between migration and development (Satvinder 2006). There are those who hold the view that migration is a positive element in the development of the society, and yet there are those who hold the idea that this is a negative aspect which should not be entertained. Those who hold the views that this should not be entertained are known as the pessimists and those who purvey this notion are known as the optimists.

These believe that migration has been one of the greatest contributors of inequality in the society. This is especially so in cases where the people who have and are migrating form a special body of professional within a government (Satvinder 2006). Essentially, this has led to the general description of the term Diasporas where the problems of under development have been aggravated. The brain drain phenomenon has been attributed to the fact that there are places in the world where the skills which are needed are not available thus; the cases of brain drain have been on the increase.

This has in turn brought to the fore the very subject of inequality. Poor nations have been on the receiving end especially in regard to this subject of brain drain. The historical structuralists have developed a theory which evaluates migration as an escape from problems or better still flight from misery (Satvinder 2006). This phenomenon has been largely attributed by the capitalist mentality which has reigned across the globe.

Opinion Regarding the subject on the migration, I hold the opinion that it is an emerging issue in the current world. Consequently, it needs one to be critical enough in order to address the issues which are coming up in line with the subject. It is worth mentioning the fact that migration has got both positive and negative implications and effects. Thus, it is upon the stakeholders involved in policy formulation to ensure that the positive implications of migration are upheld on the other hand ensuring that the negative effects are mitigated. The role of policy is fundamental in ensuring that the necessary facts are considered on this subject.

Much more research is required on this area. Scholars have gone on recorded stating that the recent usage of the word migration has been associated with international migration, while internal migration of the other hand has been subsumed under such terms as population distribution or what most people have termed urbanization (Wayne 2006). The people who have been working or rather those who are working on international migration seldom consider internal migration to be relevant to their academic or investigative interests and vice versa.

Recently, the ION has ventured more into the issues which have been facing or which has been associated with migration. This has been carried out in order to attempt to enhance an understanding as well as create awareness about the linkages which exist between internal migration, international migration and development (Wayne 2006).

Scholars have argued further that by not acknowledging the vast roles which have been played by internal migrants in driving agricultural and industrial growth, governments escape the responsibility of providing basic services to millions of poor people who are currently bearing the cost of moving labour to locations where it is most needed. The Critique of Migration and Development According to NELM Development is an integral aspect of the society.

This is because human beings are always endeavoring to achieve development at all levels and sectors of the society. It is on this basis that people are ever seeking better avenues to ensure that they realize and achieve the status that they wish to achieve. An important avenue which people have often embraced is what I will call the greener pasture phenomenon. In this case, professionals and people who have amassed knowledge seek better terms in other parts of the globe.

This is usually driven by the fact that one feels that there are no adequate resources or even remunerations to match the skills that one is offering. From this article, the author puts across a point that migration is viewed as both a risk spreading strategy and a way to overcome some of the various market constraints. It is worth mentioning that despite what the author purport the risks which have been associated with migration have been quite evident. This has been seen in the effects that have been observed through migration. Essentially, there is inadequate information regarding this subject. And as such, this has led to minimal work which has been carried out that can sufficiently provide information detailing these specific aspects.

Despite the fact that links are maintained between the national and international migrants, this does not account for the entire development which can be achieved if the migration was not considered an option. It has also been argued that the remittances from the migrants have led to the diversification of household resources. However, the question which lingers is, by how far is this going to be experienced? It is important to note the fact that the studies should also provide an analysis of the effects of proactive approaches regarding the perceived inequalities which bring about migration.

The migrants who gradually remit money to their families and states normally enhance inequalities. This is because the remittances are not specified in terms of their purpose. This implies that the larger or the wider populations are at the mercy of the people who receive these remittances.

This phenomenon is actively involved and intertwined in the business of taking the brilliant minds from one region to another region which seems to be providing better terms. In essence, this subject does not necessarily encourage or enhance progress. It has been argued that brain drain also enhances brain gain. For instance, the people who have witnessed the migrants moving and excelling in the other countries are also inspired and challenged to work hard in their studies so that they can also move. In as much as the migrants are admired, the question which lingers is, are all the students going to working hard in order to move abroad? Who will be left to develop their own places? These are very disturbing questions especially within the third world or the developing nations. In as much as people seek to migrate to the first world countries, we are left wondering who will move to the third world countries.

Who will develop them? The argument that the migrants remit resources to these countries does not account for much. What it does is that it serves to suppress the arguments which have been postulated by the pessimists.

Thus, in as much as migration may be looked at as a means of dealing with the challenges which exist within a certain region, the challenges which are associated with these issues are far greater. This is because people will tend to have a dependent mentality which will draw back any benefits that might be acquired from them. Consequently, there is need to ensure that policies and strategies are put in place to govern the migration trends. If this is not done, then there will be a likelihood that progress within certain regions and nations will be hindered and at the same time, the levels of inequality are going to become even wider.

Human migration is a phenomenon among human beings which has got implications. In this regard, it constitutes common features which are elicited in people’s behaviours and which are different from other organisms. Thus, in the attempt to better understand this concept, scholars have come up with various explanations which seek to clarify this subject better thus create an awareness based on factual information and explanations.

International migration is a collective process based on fundamental social changes within the society. Various dimensions have created by scholars who have attempted to understand this term better. These scholars have sought insights from various fields such as political science, psychology, sociology, demography and history. Some of the approaches which have eventually emerged include the neo – classical economic equilibrium theory, the historical structuralist theory, and the migration systems theory (Hammar 1997).

Does migration contribute to good development outcomes? In the current world, it is getting clearer that migration has a major impact on development. This has forced policy makers to seek avenues which will ensure that right strategies which are accompanied with migration are put into perspective. In the current age, migration has been associated with certain aspects of development. This has been witnessed both at the national and international levels.

The key factor which has led to this assertion is the fact that the remittances which are being brought to the migrant’s country play a very vital role with regard to development. In the past there have been several myths which have shrouded this subject. These myths include the fact that it is those who are poor and deprived who migrate. The second myth is that of the depriving the developed countries due to brain drain. The third myth is that there is a tidal wave of migrants which is going to crash in the homes and countries of the developed nations.

In essence, this is not largely the case. Both countries seem to benefit from these migrants. For instance the increase in remittances is increasing the quality of living of the migrant families. Secondly, this has seen many children being challenged to work hard academically in order to achieve their desired results. Essentially, this has played a key role with regard to poverty reduction as well as ensuring that learners have the morale to attend school.

Among the developed nations, the increase in manpower has led to increase in quality and professional manpower. Furthermore, the professional partnerships which are formed between the countries have ensured that professionalism is enhanced and initiatives that benefit the countries are enhanced. It is worth noting that migration creates Diasporas who may wish to get products from their countries of origin. These open up avenues of trade which offer employment opportunities thus leading to poverty reduction strategies. However, in as much as this is the case, there is need to ensure that regulation policies are put in place to ensure that the negative effects of migration are mitigated.

In conclusion, the debate between the pros and cons which are associated with migration has been positive. This is because it has enabled people to shed more light on this subject thus appreciate what is going in the society. On one hand, migration is positive, however on another hand, it is negative with harsh consequences. Either way, there is need to have more research to be carried out which sheds more light on the various aspects of migration and their implications. In addition, one should be brought to a point where they are able to give a strong point of view regarding a position of either supporting migration or discarding the very concept of migration.

It is worth mentioning that the subject of migration should not be viewed just as a topic which discusses international migration. Rather it should also bring to the fore issues which are associated with internal migration. The subject of multicultural implications of migrations should not be ignored as well as the subject of the impact that migration has on the environment.

Braziel, JE & Anita, M 2003 , Theorizing Diaspora: A Reader , illustrated, reprint edn, Blackwell Pub., New York.

Hammar, T 1997, International Migration, Immobility and Development:Multidisciplinary Perspectives , illustrated edn, Berg, Berlin.

Helmke, J 2011, Remittance-led development: Rebuilding old dependencies or a powerful source of human development? A view on Latin America , kassel university press Gmb, Kassel.

Satvinder, SJ 2006, International Migration And Global Justice , Ashgate Publishing, New Jersey.

Wayne, J 2006, International Migration:Globalization’s Last Frontier , illustrated, large print edn, Zed Books, New York.

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IvyPanda. (2020, October 20). Introduction to Human Migration. https://ivypanda.com/essays/what-is-migration/

"Introduction to Human Migration." IvyPanda , 20 Oct. 2020, ivypanda.com/essays/what-is-migration/.

IvyPanda . (2020) 'Introduction to Human Migration'. 20 October.

IvyPanda . 2020. "Introduction to Human Migration." October 20, 2020. https://ivypanda.com/essays/what-is-migration/.

1. IvyPanda . "Introduction to Human Migration." October 20, 2020. https://ivypanda.com/essays/what-is-migration/.

Bibliography

IvyPanda . "Introduction to Human Migration." October 20, 2020. https://ivypanda.com/essays/what-is-migration/.

• To find inspiration for your paper and overcome writer’s block
• As a source of information (ensure proper referencing)
• As a template for you assignment

Extended Essay

Hints and tips.

If you can, base your EE on a geographical model e.g. Bradshaw model. The examiners really want to see that your title is tightly related to the subject of Geography and models or a direct link to theorists will help this.

Show that your EE has a clear spatial element. A location map and saying where you are studying no longer seems good enough. You need to now say why you have chosen a particular area and why there may be differences within that area. If you can, then follow that up by using some sort of  map to show your results would be great. Also, try and say why your particular issue e.g. crime, gun ownership or flooding is an important issue for geographers to study.

The examiners now seem to want you to try and incorporate some form of statistical analysis to show that you have collected enough data and can prove there is a correlation, especially if this is a primary data focused EE.

Useful Resources

Campus des Nations - EE Website

Campus des Nations - Reflective Project Website  

Suggested Structure

While you will be given lots of help from the librarian and the EE coordinator the EE can still be daunting to start. Here are a few suggestions of how you could structure your EE - do be aware though that this is not the only way that you can do it.

Potential Structure

Use subheadings to divide up the different sections of your EE. Suggested subheadings:

1.0 - Introduction - Why is this an important issue to study? How does it fit in the context of the discipline(s) of 'Geography (and another)'. State your research question - 1 paragraph - this is short as you will expand on it in 1.1 and 1.2.

1.1 - The Global Context - Why is this an important issue on the global scale? It would be good to include evidence such as a graph to illustrate the importance. For example, increase in population and more migration has impacted the growth of urban areas, which has lead to increased pollution in cities, consider the graphs that would show this on a  global scale.  - 2 paragraphs

1.2 - Area of Research - geographical theory. What models can you use to put the focus of your EE into context? For example, rise of the middle classes, the nexus, land use models, climate change, etc.

1.3 - The Focus - Restate your rsearch question. Put your research question it in to context of why it is important at the local scale.

2.0 - Background

2.1 - Locational Context -  What location are you focusing on? Why are you focusing on this area? Graphs and maps are useful here to help you to illustrate your points.

3.0 - Methodology - How are you collecting your information? Think of it like a recipe as the idea is someone could replicate your study in a different area. Why is this a valid way to undertake the research? Justify why you have chosen the methods behind your research or primary data collection. For the different websites or reports you are using how reliable are these sources? Remember this could be primary or secondary data EE.

4.0  - Discussion - As you do for a 10 or 16 mark EAQ you need to create an argument. So the inital part of your discussion will need to discuss to what extent your ascertain is correct and then you need to suggest other factors that may have impacted the results you have found. Use further subheadings to break up this section. You must include graphs and maps in this section. (Remember if you can't map or graph it it probably shouldn't be a Geography related EE.)

5.0 - Conclusion - Summarise your findings and relate it back to the global setting. How could this inform us of how to deal with the issue on a global scale?

6.0 - Bibliography - MLA format.

Formal Presentation

Size 11 or 12 font.

Double spaced

Font - Times New Roman/ Lato/ Tahoma

Create a header and write the subject (Geography) and your candidate code on the right.

Insert page numbers on every page.

Front Cover needs to include:

The Subject

The Research Title

The Research Question

Your Candidate Code

Include a contents page.

Footnotes for intext citations.

Bibliography for all our sources including any images, maps or graphs that you are using - do this as you write your essay as it is hard to go back and refind all of your sources. MLA format.

Reflections

Reflections - The first and second reflection should be no more than 150 words and they need to show how you are engaging with the EE e.g. things that you have learnt, evolved or been encouraged to read from the initial investigations.

How to Reflect From the IBO

Extended Essay Writing Reflections - A how to with examples including sentence starters.  

JK Geography - Extended Essay Help

Geography - Checklist

Examples of Geography Extended Essays

It sometimes difficult to know where to start when it comes to the EEs. It is always good to have a look at what the style and structure of an EE is like for our subject. Click on the link below for IBO assessed Geography EEs.

Useful Resource

Geography EEs - Recommend read example B - 32/34